Ian Buruma
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Ian Buruma is the Henry R. Luce Professor at Bard. He received this year’s Shorenstein Award for writing about Asia. His latest book, Murder in Amsterdam, is available in paperback. (May 2008)
From the Review
May 1, 2008: The Cruelest War
Retribution: The Battle for Japan, 1944–45 by Max Hastings
January 17, 2008: The Genius of Berlin
Berlin Alexanderplatz directed by Rainer Werner Fassbinder
Fassbinder: Berlin Alexanderplatz Catalog of the exhibition edited by Klaus Biesenbach
November 8, 2007: 'His Toughness Problem—and Ours': An Exchange
September 27, 2007: His Toughness Problem—and Ours
World War IV: The Long Struggle Against Islamofascism by Norman Podhoretz
July 19, 2007: Herzog and His Heroes
Rescue Dawn a film written and directed by Werner Herzog
Werner Herzog: Documentaries and Shorts, 1962–1999
Herzog (Non)Fiction
June 14, 2007: Fascinating Narcissism
Leni: The Life and Work of Leni Riefenstahl by Steven Bach
Leni Riefenstahl: A Life by Jürgen Trimborn, translated from the German by Edna McCown
March 15, 2007: Dressing for Success
Glory in a Line: A Life of Foujita, the Artist Caught Between East and West by Phyllis Birnbaum
March 1, 2007: Thailand: All the King's Men
The King Never Smiles: A Biography of Thailand's Bhumibol Adulyadej by Paul M. Handley
February 15, 2007: Eastwood's War
Flags of Our Fathers a film directed by Clint Eastwood
Letters from Iwo Jima a film directed by Clint Eastwood
December 21, 2006: Ernst Ludwig Kirchner's Case (letter)
November 2, 2006: Weimar Faces
September 21, 2006: Why They Hate Japan
The Making of the "Rape of Nanking": History and Memory in Japan, China, and the United States by Takashi Yoshida
April 6, 2006: Mr. Natural
The R. Crumb Handbook by R. Crumb and Peter Poplaski
February 9, 2006: Louis, Schmeling, and Leonard (letter)
January 12, 2006: The Great Black Hope
Beyond Glory: Joe Louis vs. Max Schmeling, and a World on the Brink by David Margolick
June 23, 2005: Virtual Violence
The Scarlet Gang of Asakusa by Yasunari Kawabata, translated from the Japanese by Alisa Freedman, with a foreword and afterword by Donald Richie and illustrations by Ota Saburo
Little Boy: The Arts of Japan's Exploding Subculture Catalog of the exhibition edited by Murakami Takashi
June 9, 2005: Between Two Worlds
The Orientalist: Solving the Mystery of a Strange and Dangerous Life by Tom Reiss
The Life of Isamu Noguchi: Journey Without Borders by Masayo Duus, translated from the Japanese by Peter Duus
May 12, 2005: The Indiscreet Charm of Tyranny
March 24, 2005: Chinese Shadows
War Trash by Ha Jin
November 4, 2004: The Election and America's Future
October 21, 2004: The Destruction of Germany
Der Brand: Deutschland im Bombenkrieg 1940–1945(The Fire: Germany in the Bombing War, 1940–1945) by Jörg Friedrich
Brandstätten: Der Anblick des Bombenkriegs(Scenes of Fire: A View of the Bombing War) by Jörg Friedrich
May 13, 2004: Master of Fear
Stalin: The Court of the Red Tsar by Simon Sebag Montefiore
March 11, 2004: Seeds of Revolution
January 15, 2004: The Antipodes of Glory
The Great Fire by Shirley Hazzard
December 18, 2003: Staging the Empire
Curzon: Imperial Statesman by David Gilmour
September 25, 2003: On John Schlesinger (1926–2003)
June 12, 2003: AsiaWorld
May 15, 2003: Pioneer
The Donald Richie Reader: 50 Years of Writing on Japan edited and with an introduction by Arturo Silva
The Inland Sea by Donald Richie, with an introduction by Pico Iyer
The Great Wave: Gilded Age Misfits, Japanese Eccentrics, and the Opening of Old Japan by Christopher Benfey
May 1, 2003: Revolution from Above
Terror and Liberalism by Paul Berman
December 19, 2002: The Circus of Max Beckmann
Max Beckmann: Un Peintre dans l'histoire
Beckmann Catalog of the exhibition edited by Didier Ottinger
December 5, 2002: Portrait of the Artist
Youth: Scenes from Provincial Life II by J.M. Coetzee
December 5, 2002: On the West Bank
November 21, 2002: Suicide for the Empire
Kamikaze, Cherry Blossoms, and Nationalists: The Militarization of Aesthetics in Japanese History by Emiko Ohnuki-Tierney
Emperor of Japan: Meiji and His World, 1852–1912 by Donald Keene
August 15, 2002: Making a Fetish of Mystery
Essay on Exoticism: An Aesthetics of Diversity by Victor Segalen, translated and edited by Yaël Rachel Schlick, with a foreword by Harry Harootunian
April 11, 2002: The Blood Lust of Identity
In the Name of Identity: Violence and the Need to Belong by Amin Maalouf, translated from the French by Barbara Bray
Irish on the Inside: In Search of the Soul of Irish America by Tom Hayden
January 17, 2002: Occidentalism
October 4, 2001: The Muslims of Tibet (letter)
September 20, 2001: The Fall of Mr. Toad
Jeffrey Archer: Stranger than Fiction by Michael Crick
July 19, 2001: The Japanese Berlusconi?
July 5, 2001: The Japanese Malaise
Dogs and Demons: Tales from the Dark Side of Japan by Alex Kerr
Underground: The Tokyo Gas Attack and the Japanese Psyche by Haruki Murakami, translated from the Japanese by Alfred Birnbaum and Philip Gabriel
May 31, 2001: The Road to Babel
May 17, 2001: Pearl Harbor: An Exchange
March 29, 2001: The Emperor's Secrets
Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan by Herbert P. Bix
July 20, 2000: Tibet Disenchanted
June 29, 2000: Found Horizon
Virtual Tibet: Searching for Shangri-La from the Himalayas to Hollywood by Orville Schell
The Search for the Panchen Lama by Isabel Hilton
April 27, 2000: Dancing on a Wobbly Deck
March 23, 2000: East Is West
A Gesture Life by Chang-rae Lee
Waiting by Ha Jin
February 24, 2000: Divine Killer
Mao: A Life by Philip Short
Mao Zedong by Jonathan Spence
November 4, 1999: China in Cyberspace
October 21, 1999: MacArthur's Children
Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II by John W. Dower
September 23, 1999: The Singapore Difference (letter)
June 10, 1999: The Man Who Would Be King
The Singapore Story: Memoirs of Lee Kuan Yew by Lee Kuan Yew
Can Asians Think? by Kishore Mahbubani
April 8, 1999: The Joys and Perils of Victimhood
March 4, 1999: Back to the Future
February 4, 1999: Sex and Democracy in Taiwan
November 19, 1998: Hello to Berlin
Faust's Metropolis: A History of Berlin by Alexandra Richie
Capital Dilemma: Germany's Search for a New Architecture of Democracy by Michael Z. Wise
September 24, 1998: Don't Say Goodbye
East and West: China, Power, and the Future of Asia by Christopher Patten
July 16, 1998: In the Empire of Islam
Beyond Belief: Islamic Excursions Among the Converted Peoples by V.S. Naipaul
June 25, 1998: Down and Out in East Tokyo
San'ya Blues: Laboring Life in Contemporary Tokyo by Edward Fowler
Molding Japanese Minds: The State in Everyday Life by Sheldon Garon
May 28, 1998: Anne Frank's Afterlife, cont'd. (letter)
April 9, 1998: Anne Frank's Afterlife (letter)
February 19, 1998: The Afterlife of Anne Frank
The Diary of Anne Frank a play by Frances Goodrich, by Albert Hackett, adapted by Wendy Kesselman, directed by James Lapine. at the Music Box Theater, New York City
An Obsession with Anne Frank: Meyer Levin and the Diary by Lawrence Graver
The Stolen Legacy of Anne Frank: Meyer Levin, Lillian Hellman, and the Staging of the Diary by Ralph Melnick
December 4, 1997: India: The Perils of Democracy
The Idea of India by Sunil Khilnani
The Hindu Nationalist Movement in India by Christophe Jaffrelot
October 9, 1997: Royal Comedy
Uncrowned King: The Life of Prince Albert by Stanley Weintraub
Mrs. Brown a film directed by John Madden. distributed by Miramax Films
October 9, 1997: Royal Tragedy
August 14, 1997: Selling Out Hong Kong
June 12, 1997: Holding Out in Hong Kong
Kowloon Tong by Paul Theroux
Hong Kong Remembers by Sally Blyth and Ian Wotherspoon, Introduction by the Rt. Honorable the Baroness Thatcher
The Fall of Hong Kong: China's Triumph and Britain's Betrayal by Mark Roberti
Red Flag over Hong Kong by Bruce Bueno de Mesquita, by David Newman, by Alvin Rabushka
The Hong Kong Advantage by Michael J. Enright, by Edith E. Scott, by David Dodwell
March 27, 1997: God's Choice
Gladstone: A Biography by Roy Jenkins
January 9, 1997: Artist of the Floating World
Jan Steen: Painter and Storyteller 12, 1997 (first at the National Gallery, Washington, D.C., April 28-August 18, 1996) Exhibition at the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, September 21, 1996-January
Jan Steen: Painter and Storyteller catalog of the exhibition, by H. Perry Chapman, by Wouter Th. Kloek, by Arthur K. Wheelock Jr.
January 9, 1997: 'Fear & Loathing in Europe' (letter)
November 28, 1996: The Sky's the Limit
S,M,L,XL (Small, Medium, Large, Extra-Large) by Rem Koolhaas, by Bruce Mau, edited by Jennifer Sigler, photography by Hans Werlemann
October 17, 1996: Fear and Loathing in Europe
June 6, 1996: Japan: In the Spirit World
The Idea of Japan: Western Images, Western Myths by Ian Littlewood
A Zen Romance: One Woman's Adventures in a Monastery by Deborah Boliver Boehm
A Year in the Life of a Shinto Shrine by John K. Nelson
June 6, 1996: 'The Singapore Way' (letter)
May 23, 1996: Mrs. Thatcher's Ghost (letter)
May 9, 1996: The Beijing Rebellion (letter)
March 21, 1996: Mrs. Thatcher's Revenge
The Path to Power by Margaret Thatcher
Letters from London by Julian Barnes
The Disenchanted Isle: Mrs. Thatcher's Capitalist Revolution by Charles Dellheim
December 21, 1995: The Beginning of the End
Moving the Mountain a documentary film directed by Michael Apted, produced by Trudie Styler
The Gate of Heavenly Peace a documentary film directed and produced by Carma Hinton, by Richard Gordon
Neither Gods nor Emperors: Students and the Struggle for Democracy in China by Craig Calhoun
November 30, 1995: 'The New War Over Hiroshima': An Exchange
October 19, 1995: The Singapore Way
To Catch a Tartar: A Dissident in Lee Kuan Yew's Prison by Francis T. Seow
Dare to Change: An Alternative Vision for Singapore by Dr. Chee Soon Juan
September 21, 1995: The War Over The Bomb
The Decision to Use the Atomic Bomb and the Architecture of an American Myth by Gar Alperovitz, by Sanho Tree, by Edward Rouse Winstead, by Kathryn C. Morris, by David J. Williams, by Leo C. Maley III, by Thad Williamson, by Miranda Grieder
Writing Ground Zero: Japanese Literature and the Atomic Bomb by John Whittier Treat
Judgment at the Smithsonian: The Uncensored Script of the Smithsonian's 50th Anniversary Exhibit of the Enola Gay edited and introduced by Philip Nobile, afterword by Barton J. Bernstein
Hiroshima in America: Fifty Years of Denial by Robert Jay Lifton, by Greg Mitchell
Code-Name Downfall: The Secret Plan to Invade Japan—And Why Truman Dropped the Bomb by Thomas B. Allen, by Norman Polmar
Nagasaki Journey: The Photographs of Yosuke Yamahata, August 10, 1945 edited by Rupert Jenkins
July 13, 1995: George Grosz's Amerika
George Grosz: Berlin-New York Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen, Düsseldorf, May 6-July 30, 1995. an exhibition Neue Nationalgalerie Berlin, until April 16, 1995;
George Grosz: Berlin-New York catalog of the exhibition edited by Peter-Klaus Schuster
February 16, 1995: The Great Art of Embarrassment
Writing Home by Alan Bennett
The Madness of King George III a film directed by Nicholas Hytner. screenplay by Alan Bennett, based on his play The Madness of George III
The Madness of George III by Alan Bennett
October 20, 1994: Action Anglaise
Mrs. Thatcher's Minister: The Private Diaries of Alan Clark by Alan Clark
The Faber Book of Conservatism edited by Kenneth Baker
September 22, 1994: Indian Love Call
Bengal Nights by Mircea Eliade
It Does Not Die: A Romance by Maitreyi Devi
August 11, 1994: Revenge in the Indies
The Hidden Force by Louis Couperus, translated by Alexander Teixera de Mattos
May 12, 1994: Japan Against Itself
Blueprint for a New Japan by Ichiro Ozawa, translated by Louisa Rubinfein
January 13, 1994: The Way They Live Now
Naked a film directed by Mike Leigh, screenplay by Mike Leigh, produced by Simon Channing-Williams
It's a Great Big Shame! a play by Mike Leigh
Life is Sweet directed by Mike Leigh, screenplay by Mike Leigh
High Hopes directed by Mike Leigh, screenplay by Mike Leigh
Four Days in July directed by Mike Leigh, screenplay by Mike Leigh
Meantime directed by Mike Leigh, screenplay by Mike Leigh
Abigail's Party directed by Mike Leigh, screenplay by Mike Leigh
Nuts in May directed by Mike Leigh, screenplay by Mike Leigh
Bleak Moments directed by Mike Leigh
'Abigail's Party' and 'Goose-Pimples'
'Smelling a Rat' & 'Ecstasy'
Too Much of a Good Thing (broadcast by the BBC in 1992)
December 16, 1993: An Exchange on Ernst Jünger
December 16, 1993: What the Butler Saw
The Remains of the Day directed by James Ivory, produced by Mike Nichols, by John Calley, by Ismail Merchant, screenplay by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala
November 18, 1993: Soul Food
The Phantom Empire by Geoffrey O'Brien
August 12, 1993: Weeping Tears of Nostalgia
Kitchen by Banana Yoshimoto, translated by Megan Backus
June 24, 1993: The Anarch at Twilight
Aladdin's Problem by Ernst Jünger, translated by Joachim Neugroschel
A Dangerous Encounter by Ernst Jünger, translated by Hilary Barr
May 27, 1993: Looking for the Center
March 25, 1993: Americainerie
Mr. Smith Goes to Tokyo: Japanese Cinema Under the American Occupation, 1945–1952 by Kyoko Hirano
A Map of the East Photographs by Leo Rubinfien
Re-Made In Japan: Everyday Life and Consumer Taste in a Changing Society edited by Joseph J. Tobin
How to Work for a Japanese Boss by Jina Bacarr
December 3, 1992: Bashing Japan? (letter)
October 8, 1992: Bad Boy
Cinema, Censorship, and the State: The Writings of Nagisa Oshima, 1956–1978 by Nagisa Oshima, edited and with an introduction by Annette Michelson, translated by Dawn Lawson
July 16, 1992: The Ways of Survival
Jakob Littners Aufzeichnungen aus einem Erdloch by Wolfgang Koeppen
A Feast in the Garden by George Konrád, translated by Imre Goldstein
April 23, 1992: It Can't Happen Here
Rising Sun by Michael Crichton
April 9, 1992: Outsiders
April 9, 1992: White Noise (letter)
December 19, 1991: Ghosts of Pearl Harbor
Visions of Infamy: The Untold Story of How Journalist Hector C. Bywater Devised the Plans that Led to Pearl Harbor by William H. Honan
Pearl Harbor Ghosts: A Journey to Hawaii Then and Now by Thurston Clarke
A Time For War: Franklin Delano Roosevelt and the Path to Pearl Harbor by Robert Smith Thompson
An Enemy Among Friends by Kiyoaki Murata
Betrayal at Pearl Harbor: How Churchill Lured Roosevelt into World War II by James Rusbridger, by Eric Nave
December 5, 1991: Against the Japanese Grain
In the Realm of a Dying Emperor: A Portrait of Japan at Century's End by Norma Field
September 26, 1991: Samurai of Swat
Slugging It Out in Japan: An American Major Leaguer in the Tokyo Outfield by Warren Cromartie, with Robert Whiting
May 30, 1991: The 'We' Generation
Our Age: Portrait of a Generation by Noel Annan
April 25, 1991: The Pax Axis
March 28, 1991: After the Fall
The Secret Pilgrim by John le Carré
February 14, 1991: Signs of Life
India: A Million Mutinies Now by V.S. Naipaul
January 17, 1991: The Nuclear Difference (letter)
December 20, 1990: There's No Place Like Heimat
Vom Glück und Unglück der Kunst in Deutschland nach dem Letzten Kriege by Hans-Jürgen Syberberg
Patterns of Childhood by Christa Wolf, translated by Ursule Molinaro, by Hedwig Rappolt
The Quest for Christa T. by Christa Wolf, translated by Christopher Middleton
No Place on Earth by Christa Wolf, translated by Jan van Heurck
Was bleibt (extracts entitled "What Remains" were published in English translation in Granta 33) by Christa Wolf
Cassandra: A Novel and Four Essays by Christa Wolf, translated by Jan van Heurck
The Fourth Dimension: Interviews with Christa Wolf translated by Hilary Pilkington, Introduction by Karin McPherson
October 25, 1990: The Devils of Hiroshima
Fallen Soldiers: Reshaping the Memory of the World Wars by George L. Mosse
The Bomb by Makoto Oda
The Genocidal Mentality: Nazi Holocaust and Nuclear Threat by Robert Jay Lifton, by Eric Markusen
October 25, 1990: The Indonesian Way (letter)
July 19, 1990: Workers & Warriors
The Fugitive by Pramoedya Ananta Toer, translated by Willem Samuels
The Great World by David Malouf
June 28, 1990: Tokyo Boogie-Woogie
Tokyo Rising: The City Since the Great Earthquake by Edward Seidensticker
June 28, 1990: A Bad Scout? (letter)
April 12, 1990: The Last Days of Hong Kong
Hong Kong Voices edited by Gerd Balke, with an introduction by Anthony Lawrence
Kowtow! by William Shawcross
City on the Rocks: Hong Kong's Uncertain Future by Kevin Rafferty
Hong Kong Countdown by George Hicks
March 15, 1990: Boys Will Be Boys
The Boy-Man: The Life of Lord Baden-Powell by Tim Jeal
December 21, 1989: War Crimes (letter)
December 7, 1989: Just Say Noh
The Japan That Can Say 'No': The Card for a New US–Japan Relationship by Morita Akio, by Ishihara Shintaro
October 26, 1989: From Hirohito to Heimat
La Mémoire vaine: du crime contre l'humanité by Alain Finkielkraut
Hotel Terminus a film by Marcel Ophuls
From Hitler to Heimat: The Return of History as Film by Anton Kaes
In Hitler's Shadow: West German Historians and the Attempt to Escape From the Nazi Past by Richard J. Evans
What Did You Do in the War, Daddy?: Growing Up German by Sabine Reichel
The Other Nuremberg: The Untold Story of the Tokyo War Crimes Trials by Arnold C. Brackman
Hirohito: Behind the Myth by Edward Behr
June 1, 1989: The Bartered Bride
In Our Image: America's Empire in the Philippines by Stanley Karnow
The US and the Philippines: In Our Image Neudel, KCET, Los Angeles A three-part television series, produced by Andrew Rearson and Eric
Ermita: A Filipino Novel by F. Sionil José
May 18, 1989: Good Night, Sweet Princes
Raj: A Novel by Gita Mehta
Maharaja: The Spectacular Heritage of Princely India by Andrew Robinson, photographs by Sumio Uchiyama
March 16, 1989: In Fancy Uniform (letter)
March 2, 1989: The Double Life of Benazir Bhutto
Daughter of the East by Benazir Bhutto
December 22, 1988: Art of Cruelty
Hell Screen, Cogwheels, A Fool's Life by Ryunosuke Akutagawa, translated by Takashi Kojima, by Cid Corman, by Will Petersen, with a foreword by Jorge Luis Borges, an introduction by Kazuya Sakai
Childhood Years: A Memoir by Jun'ichiro Tanizaki, translated by Paul McCarthy
December 8, 1988: The Last Laugh
Thy Hand, Great Anarch! India 1921–1952 by Nirad C. Chaudhuri
November 10, 1988: Playing for Keeps
June 30, 1988: Wilfred of Arabia
The Life of My Choice by Wilfred Thesiger
Visions of a Nomad by Wilfred Thesiger
March 17, 1988: What Keeps the Japanese Going?
Imperialist Japan: The Yen to Dominate by Michael Montgomery
Occupation by John Toland
A Cultural History of Postwar Japan: 1945–1980 by Shunsuke Tsurumi
Different People: Pictures of Some Japanese by Donald Richie
Remaking Japan: The American Occupation As New Deal by Theodore Cohen, edited by Herbert Passin
The Japanese Educational Challenge: A Commitment to Children by Merry White
November 19, 1987: The Last Bengali Renaissance Man
The Unicorn Expedition and Other Fantastic Tales of India by Satyajit Ray
The Home and the World A film directed by Satyajit Ray. produced by the National Film Development Corporation of India
August 13, 1987: Marcos and Morality
Waltzing with a Dictator: The Marcoses and the Making of American Policy by Raymond Bonner
June 11, 1987: St. Cory and the Evil Rose
Imelda Marcos by Carmen Navarro Pedrosa
Cory Aquino: The Story of a Revolution by Lucy Komisar
March 26, 1987: An Exchange on Burma
March 12, 1987: We Japanese
My Life Between Japan and America by Edwin O. Reischauer
Made in Japan: Akio Morita and Sony by Akio Morita, with Edwin M. Reingold, by Mitsuko Shimomura
January 29, 1987: Korea: Shame & Chauvinism
Prison Writings by Kim Dae Jung, translated by Choi Sung-Il
November 6, 1986: Saint Cory and the Yellow Revolution
The Snap Revolution by James Fenton
People Power: An Eyewitness History edited by Monina Allarey Mercado
Bayon Ko!
Crisis in the Philippines: The Marcos Era and Beyond edited by John Bresnan
October 23, 1986: The Road from Mandalay
August 14, 1986: Us and Others
War Without Mercy: Race and Power in the Pacific War by John W. Dower
May 29, 1986: City of Dreadful Night
The City of Joy by Dominique Lapierre, translated by Kathryn Spink
March 13, 1986: Japanese Lib
The Issue of War: States, Societies, and the Far Eastern Conflict of 1941–1945 by Christopher Thorne
January 16, 1986: Who Can Redeem Mother Filipinas?
Sitting in Darkness: Americans in the Philippines by David Haward Bain
Revolution in the Philippines: The United States in a Hall of Cracked Mirrors by Fred Poole, by Max Vanzi
The Philippines After Marcos edited by R. J. May, edited by Francisco Nemenzo
October 10, 1985: Rambo-san
Mishima: A Life in Four Chapters a film written by Paul Schrader, by Leonard Schrader, directed by Paul Schrader
Barakei: Ordeal by Roses photographs of Yukio Mishima by Eikoh Hosoe
Mishima ou la vision du vide by Marguerite Yourcenar
September 26, 1985: 'Rabu' Conquers All
Dawn to the West: Japanese Literature in the Modern Era Vol. I: Fiction by Donald Keene
Dawn to the West: Japanese Literature in the Modern Era Vol. II: Poetry, Drama, Criticism by Donald Keene
July 18, 1985: O So Uchi!
Pictures from the Water Trade: Adventures of a Westerner in Japan by John David Morley
From New York Review Books
 | René Leys This quirky tale of spiritual adventure tells of a Westerner in Peking seeking the mystery at the heart of the Forbidden City. |
Books by Ian Buruma
Inventing Japan, 1853-1964 (2003)
Rene Leys (2003)
Bad Elements: Among the Rebels, Dissidents, and
Democrats of Greater
China. (2001)
Voltaire's Coconuts: Anglophiles and Anglophobes (1999)
Anglomania: A European Love Affair (1998)
The Missionary and the Libertine: Love and War in East and West (1996)
The Wages of Guilt: Memories of War in Germany and Japan (1994)
Playing the Game (1991)
God's Dust: A Modern Asian Journey (1989)
Behind the Mask: On Sexual Demons, Sacred Mothers, Transvestites, Gangsters, Drifters and Other Japanese Cultural Heroes (1984)
A Japanese Mirror: Heroes and Villains of Japanese Culture (1984)